MCQs - 2026-04

The mission is a key strategy for India to reduce its carbon footprint and work towards its national and international climate goals, including achieving net-zero emissions.

The high capital cost of electrolyzers, which are essential for producing green hydrogen, and the significant investment required for storage and transportation infrastructure are major hurdles.

The mission's core objective is to establish India as a leader in the global green hydrogen market, fostering production and export capabilities.

Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water molecules (H2O) into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) through electrolysis, powered by electricity generated from renewable sources like solar and wind.

The development of bio-concrete involves understanding material properties (material science) and the biological requirements for coral growth and settlement (marine biology).

The analogy 'rainforests of the sea' is used for coral reefs because of their exceptionally high biodiversity, supporting a vast array of marine life.

Early trials of the bio-concrete technology for coral reef restoration have been conducted in the Great Barrier Reef and the Caribbean, indicating successful initial results.

Climate change leading to ocean warming and bleaching, pollution from various sources, and unsustainable fishing practices are the primary drivers of coral reef degradation worldwide.

The bio-concrete is designed to mimic the natural calcium carbonate structure of coral skeletons and is infused with beneficial microbes and nutrients that actively encourage coral polyp attachment and growth, leading to faster recruitment and survival rates.

This initiative significantly enhances India's indigenous defense manufacturing capabilities, particularly in the aerospace sector.